Onsemi Zener Diodes 2,400+
| Part | RoHS | Manufacturer | Diode Type | Terminal Position | Terminal Form | No. of Terminals | Surface Mount | Package Shape | Package Body Material | Working Test Current | Config | Maximum Voltage Temperature Coefficient | Nominal Reference Voltage | Maximum Output Current | Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Reverse Power Dissipation | Maximum Forward Voltage (VF) | Nominal Breakdown Voltage | Maximum Reverse Recovery Time | Technology | Maximum Reverse Current | No. of Elements | Reverse Test Voltage | Package Style (Meter) | Sub-Category | Maximum Voltage Tolerance | Maximum Repetitive Peak Reverse Voltage | Maximum Knee Impedance | Maximum Operating Temperature | Maximum Dynamic Impedance | Minimum Operating Temperature | Terminal Finish | JESD-30 Code | Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) | Polarity | Case Connection | Qualification | Maximum Power Dissipation | Additional Features | JEDEC-95 Code | Maximum Clamping Voltage | Minimum Breakdown Voltage | Maximum Non Repetitive Peak Forward Current | JESD-609 Code | Maximum Time At Peak Reflow Temperature (s) | Peak Reflow Temperature (C) | Diode Element Material | Maximum Breakdown Voltage | Reference Standard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
4.7 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
2 % |
175 Cel |
19 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
.4 W |
e0 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
69 mA |
SINGLE |
3.6 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
10 ohm |
-65 Cel |
O-PALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
1 W |
DO-41 |
SILICON |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
4.3 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
175 Cel |
100 ohm |
.4 W |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
5.6 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
1 % |
175 Cel |
11 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
.4 W |
e0 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
7.5 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
1 % |
175 Cel |
6 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
.4 W |
e0 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
NO LEAD |
2 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
6.8 V |
.9 V |
ZENER |
.5 uA |
1 |
3.5 V |
SMALL OUTLINE |
2.35 % |
60 ohm |
150 Cel |
40 ohm |
-65 Cel |
NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD |
R-PDSO-N2 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
.25 W |
e4 |
30 |
260 |
SILICON |
AEC-Q101 |
||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
80 mA |
SINGLE |
3.3 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
2 % |
200 Cel |
400 ohm |
1 W |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
12 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
30 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
METALLURGICALLY BONDED |
DO-204AH |
e0 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
FLAT |
2 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
5.6 V |
ZENER |
1 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
7.14 % |
150 Cel |
-65 Cel |
R-PDSO-F2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
.8 W |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
END |
WRAP AROUND |
2 |
YES |
ROUND |
GLASS |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
4.15 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
3 % |
175 Cel |
32 ohm |
-65 Cel |
MATTE TIN |
O-LELF-R2 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
e3 |
30 |
260 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
FLAT |
2 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
6.8 V |
ZENER |
1 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
2.06 % |
150 Cel |
40 ohm |
-65 Cel |
MATTE TIN |
R-PDSO-F2 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
Not Qualified |
.2 W |
e3 |
30 |
260 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
END |
WRAP AROUND |
2 |
YES |
ROUND |
GLASS |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
22.15 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
2.51 % |
175 Cel |
25.6 ohm |
-65 Cel |
MATTE TIN |
O-LELF-R2 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
e3 |
30 |
260 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
NO LEAD |
2 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
9.1 V |
.9 V |
ZENER |
.5 uA |
1 |
6 V |
SMALL OUTLINE |
5 % |
60 ohm |
150 Cel |
30 ohm |
-65 Cel |
NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD |
R-PDSO-N2 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
.25 W |
e4 |
30 |
260 |
SILICON |
AEC-Q101 |
||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
FLAT |
2 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
15 V |
ZENER |
1 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
4.98 % |
150 Cel |
-65 Cel |
R-PDSO-F2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
.8 W |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
24 V |
ZENER |
100 uA |
1 |
18 V |
LONG FORM |
5 % |
600 ohm |
200 Cel |
62 ohm |
-65 Cel |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
.5 W |
DO-35 |
SILICON |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
GULL WING |
3 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
13 V |
ZENER |
1 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
150 Cel |
-65 Cel |
R-PDSO-G3 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
Not Qualified |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
BOTTOM |
NO LEAD |
2 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
3 V |
1.1 V |
ZENER |
10 uA |
1 |
1 V |
CHIP CARRIER |
5 % |
1000 ohm |
150 Cel |
100 ohm |
-55 Cel |
NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD |
R-PBCC-N2 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
.2 W |
e4 |
30 |
260 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
.25 mA |
SINGLE |
3.3 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
1600 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
DO-204AH |
e0 |
SILICON |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
5.6 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
2 % |
175 Cel |
11 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
.4 W |
e0 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
10 mA |
SINGLE |
24.2 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
600 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
1 W |
DO-204AL |
e0 |
SILICON |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
23 mA |
SINGLE |
11 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
8 ohm |
TIN |
1 W |
e3 |
260 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
5.6 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
175 Cel |
8 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
METALLURGICALLY BONDED |
DO-204AH |
e0 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
3 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
29 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
METALLURGICALLY BONDED |
DO-204AH |
e0 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
GULL WING |
3 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
24 V |
ZENER |
1 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
2.1 % |
150 Cel |
70 ohm |
-65 Cel |
R-PDSO-G3 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
Not Qualified |
.225 W |
TO-236AB |
SILICON |
UL RECOGNIZED |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
14 mA |
SINGLE |
18 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
20 ohm |
TIN LEAD |
O-PALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
1 W |
DO-41 |
e0 |
SILICON |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
12 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
150 Cel |
40 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
.25 W |
e0 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
8.2 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
175 Cel |
5 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
METALLURGICALLY BONDED |
DO-204AH |
e0 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
8 mA |
SINGLE |
16 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
10 % |
125 Cel |
17 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
.4 W |
e0 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
2.32 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
175 Cel |
100 ohm |
.4 W |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
4.7 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
175 Cel |
16 ohm |
Tin (Sn) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
METALLURGICALLY BONDED |
DO-204AH |
e3 |
SILICON |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
29.7 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
175 Cel |
65 ohm |
.4 W |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
34 mA |
SINGLE |
7.5 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
4 ohm |
-65 Cel |
TIN LEAD |
O-PALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
1 W |
DO-41 |
e0 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
31 mA |
SINGLE |
8.2 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
4.5 ohm |
1 W |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
3.4 mA |
SINGLE |
220 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
1600 ohm |
-65 Cel |
TIN LEAD |
O-PALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
1 W |
DO-41 |
e0 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
20 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
48 ohm |
Tin (Sn) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
DO-204AH |
e3 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
35 mA |
SINGLE |
6.2 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
300 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
1 W |
DO-204AL |
e0 |
SILICON |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
END |
WRAP AROUND |
2 |
YES |
ROUND |
GLASS |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
5.6 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
175 Cel |
11 ohm |
O-LELF-R2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
METALLURGICALLY BONDED |
DO-213AA |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
SILICON |
MIL-19500/127 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
GULL WING |
3 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
15 V |
ZENER |
1 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
6.12 % |
200 ohm |
150 Cel |
30 ohm |
-65 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
R-PDSO-G3 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
Not Qualified |
.225 W |
UL RECOGNIZED |
TO-236AB |
e3 |
40 |
260 |
SILICON |
UL RECOGNIZED |
|||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
7.5 mA |
SINGLE |
33 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
200 Cel |
45 ohm |
-65 Cel |
O-PALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
1 W |
DO-41 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
235 |
SILICON |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
FLAT |
2 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
10 V |
ZENER |
1 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
150 Cel |
30 ohm |
-65 Cel |
MATTE TIN |
R-PDSO-F2 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
Not Qualified |
.2 W |
e3 |
30 |
260 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
AXIAL |
WIRE |
2 |
NO |
ROUND |
GLASS |
20 mA |
SINGLE |
3.9 V |
ZENER |
1 |
LONG FORM |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5 % |
175 Cel |
20 ohm |
Tin/Lead (Sn/Pb) |
O-LALF-W2 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
ISOLATED |
Not Qualified |
.5 W |
METALLURGICALLY BONDED |
DO-204AH |
e0 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
8 mA |
SINGLE |
36 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5.6 % |
200 Cel |
40 ohm |
1 W |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
GULL WING |
3 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
2 mA |
SINGLE |
51 V |
ZENER |
1 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
5.88 % |
400 ohm |
150 Cel |
180 ohm |
-65 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
R-PDSO-G3 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
Not Qualified |
.225 W |
TO-236AB |
e3 |
NOT SPECIFIED |
NOT SPECIFIED |
SILICON |
UL RECOGNIZED |
||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
8 mA |
SINGLE |
27 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
2 % |
200 Cel |
750 ohm |
1 W |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
NO LEAD |
2 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
8.2 V |
.9 V |
ZENER |
.5 uA |
1 |
5 V |
SMALL OUTLINE |
5 % |
60 ohm |
150 Cel |
30 ohm |
-65 Cel |
NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD |
R-PDSO-N2 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
.25 W |
e4 |
30 |
260 |
SILICON |
AEC-Q101 |
||||||||||||||||
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
NO |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
5.09 V |
1 |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
175 Cel |
60 ohm |
.4 W |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
BOTTOM |
NO LEAD |
2 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
6.2 V |
1.1 V |
ZENER |
1 uA |
1 |
3 V |
CHIP CARRIER |
5 % |
100 ohm |
150 Cel |
60 ohm |
-55 Cel |
NICKEL PALLADIUM GOLD |
R-PBCC-N2 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
.2 W |
e4 |
30 |
260 |
SILICON |
|||||||||||||||||
|
|
Onsemi |
ZENER DIODE |
DUAL |
GULL WING |
3 |
YES |
RECTANGULAR |
PLASTIC/EPOXY |
5 mA |
SINGLE |
3.3 V |
ZENER |
1 |
SMALL OUTLINE |
Voltage Reference Diodes |
6.06 % |
600 ohm |
150 Cel |
95 ohm |
-65 Cel |
Tin (Sn) |
R-PDSO-G3 |
1 |
UNIDIRECTIONAL |
Not Qualified |
.225 W |
UL RECOGNIZED |
TO-236AB |
e3 |
40 |
260 |
SILICON |
UL RECOGNIZED |
Zener diodes are electronic components that are designed to operate in the reverse breakdown region of their P-N junction, providing a stable and predictable voltage output. They are commonly used in electronic circuits as voltage regulators, voltage references, and surge protectors.
Zener diodes operate based on the properties of their P-N junction, which is designed to have a narrow depletion region and a low breakdown voltage. When a reverse voltage is applied to the diode, the depletion region widens, allowing a small reverse current to flow. As the voltage across the diode increases, the reverse current increases exponentially, maintaining a stable voltage across the diode.
Zener diodes offer several advantages over other types of voltage regulators, such as simplicity, low cost, and high efficiency. They do not require any external components, such as capacitors or inductors, and they can provide a stable output voltage over a wide range of input voltages and temperatures.
Zener diodes are commonly used in electronic circuits that require a stable voltage source, such as power supplies, battery chargers, and voltage regulators. They come in different package sizes and voltage ratings, depending on the application and the required performance.