KEMET Corporation Fixed Capacitors 2,400+

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Part	Manufacturer	Capacitor Type	Mounting Feature	Capacitance	Rated DC Voltage (URdc)	Maximum Operating Temperature	Dielectric Material	Tan Delta	Minimum Operating Temperature	Temperature Coef (ppm/Cel)	Terminal Finish	Leakage Current (mA)	Package Shape	Polarity	Height	Width	Ripple Current (mA)	Diameter	Multi-layer	Equivalent Series Resistance / ESR (mohm )	Additional Features	Packing Method	Size Code	JESD-609 Code	No. of Terminals	Package Style (Meter)	Length	Terminal Shape	Positive Tolerance	Temperature Characteristics Code	Reference Standard	Negative Tolerance	Terminal Pitch
C1206C102KGRACAUTO	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.001 uF	2000 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.6 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	10 %
C0402S221K5RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00022 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL				.5 mm	.5 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0402	e3	2	SMT	1 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C0603C150J5GACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000015 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0603	e3	2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
T491D475K050AT	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	4.7 uF	50 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.0024	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED	2.8 mm	4.3 mm	142			1200	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2917	e3	2	SMT	7.3 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
T491A106K016ATAUTO	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10 uF	16 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.08	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	.0016	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED	1.6 mm	1.6 mm				7000	ESR IS MEASURED AT 100 KHZ	TR, 7 INCH	1206	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	J BEND	10 %		AEC-Q200	10 %	.8 mm
T491A106K016AT7280	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10 uF	16 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier	0.0016	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED	1.6 mm	1.6 mm	63			3000	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 13 INCH	1206	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
C0603C102J5RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.001 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 7 INCH	0603	e3	2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	X7R		5 %
T491C475K025AT	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	4.7 uF	25 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.0012	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED	2.5 mm	3.2 mm	86			2300	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2413	e3	2	SMT	6 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
T491C476K016AT	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	47 uF	16 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.0075	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED	2.5 mm	3.2 mm	133			1000	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2413	e3	2	SMT	6 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
C1812C104KDRACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.1 uF	1000 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.7 mm	3.2 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1812	e3	2	SMT	4.5 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C0805C224K5RAC	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.22 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.25 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			BULK	0805	e3	2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
T350A475K010AT	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	THROUGH HOLE MOUNT	4.7 uF	10 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.05	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN	0.0005	DISK PACKAGE	POLARIZED				4.5 mm				Bulk		e3	2	Radial	7.1 mm	WIRE	10 %			10 %	2.54 mm
C1210F475K3RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	4.7 uF	25 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.7 mm	2.5 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1210	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C1210C105K1RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1 uF	100 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.7 mm	2.5 mm			Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1210	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
T491C106K016AT	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10 uF	16 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.0016		POLARIZED	2.5 mm	3.2 mm	99			1800	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2413	e3	2	SMT	6 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
T491X107K025AT7280	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	100 uF	25 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.08	-55 Cel		Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier	0.025	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED	4 mm	4.3 mm	297			300	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 13 INCH	2917	e3	2	SMT	7.3 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
T491C226K025AT	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	22 uF	25 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.0055	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED	2.5 mm	3.2 mm	112			1000	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2413	e3	2	SMT	6 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
C0201C820K4GACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000082 uF	16 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL				.3 mm	.3 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0201	e3	2	SMT	.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	C0G		10 %
C0805C100J5GACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.00001 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.78 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0805	e3	2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
C0603C475K9PACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	4.7 uF	6.3 V	85 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0603	e3	2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X5R		10 %
C1210C226K4RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	22 uF	16 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		2.5 mm	2.5 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1210	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C1825C105KARACAUTO	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1 uF	250 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.5 mm	6.4 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1825	e3	2	SMT	4.5 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	10 %
C0805C220J5GACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000022 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.7 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 7 INCH	0805	e3	2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
C0402C470J5GACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000047 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.5 mm	.5 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0402	e3	2	SMT	1 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
C1825C105KARAC	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1 uF	250 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.5 mm	6.4 mm			Yes			BULK	1825	e3	2	SMT	4.5 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
T491D107K010AT	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	100 uF	10 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.08	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.01		POLARIZED	2.8 mm	4.3 mm	185			700	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2917	e3	2	SMT	7.3 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
C1210C225K5RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	2.2 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.25 mm	2.5 mm			Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1210	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C0805C106K8RACAUTO	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10 uF	10 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.25 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	0805	e3	2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	10 %
C1206C224K5RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.22 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.9 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C0603C330J5GACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000033 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0603	e3	2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
C0805C106K3PACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10 uF	25 V	85 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.25 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	0805	e3	2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X5R		10 %
C0402C104K3RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.1 uF	25 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.5 mm	.5 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 7 INCH	0402	e3	2	SMT	1 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C0603C101J5GACAUTO	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0001 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL				.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0603	e3	2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G	AEC-Q200	5 %
C1210C106M5RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		2.5 mm	2.5 mm			Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1210	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	20 %	X7R		20 %
C0603C105K4PACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1 uF	16 V	85 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.8 mm	.8 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0603	e3	2	SMT	1.6 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X5R		10 %
C330C105M5U5TA	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	THROUGH HOLE MOUNT	1 uF	50 V	85 Cel	CERAMIC		10 Cel	-56/+22%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		9.14 mm	4.07 mm			Yes			Bulk		e3	2	Radial	7.11 mm	WIRE	20 %	Z5U		20 %	5.08 mm
C0805C103K5RACAUTO	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.01 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.78 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0805	e3	2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	10 %
T491D106K035AT7280	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10 uF	35 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.06	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.0035	RECTANGULAR PACKAGE	POLARIZED	2.8 mm	4.3 mm	155			1000	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 13 INCH	2917	e3	2	SMT	7.3 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
C1206C106K3RACAUTO	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	10 uF	25 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.6 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	10 %
C1206C102KDRACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.001 uF	1000 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.2 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C0402C562K5RACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.0056 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.5 mm	.5 mm			Yes			TR, PAPER, 7 INCH	0402	e3	2	SMT	1 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C0805C105K3RACAUTO	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	1 uF	25 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.25 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	0805	e3	2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	10 %
C1206C102KFRACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.001 uF	1500 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.2 mm	1.6 mm			Yes			TR, PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1206	e3	2	SMT	3.2 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R		10 %
C0402C180J5GACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000018 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.5 mm	.5 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0402	e3	2	SMT	1 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
C0805C390J5GACTU	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.000039 uF	50 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	30ppm/Cel	MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		.78 mm	1.25 mm			Yes			TR, PUNCHED PAPER, 7 INCH	0805	e3	2	SMT	2 mm	WRAPAROUND	5 %	C0G		5 %
C1812X474KARACAUTO	KEMET Corporation	CERAMIC CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	.47 uF	250 V	125 Cel	CERAMIC		-55 Cel	15%	Matte Tin (Sn) - with Nickel (Ni) barrier		RECTANGULAR PACKAGE		1.7 mm	3.2 mm			Yes			TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	1812	e3	2	SMT	4.5 mm	WRAPAROUND	10 %	X7R	AEC-Q200	10 %
T491C107K010AT	KEMET Corporation	TANTALUM CAPACITOR	SURFACE MOUNT	100 uF	10 V	125 Cel	TANTALUM (DRY/SOLID)	0.08	-55 Cel		MATTE TIN OVER NICKEL	0.01		POLARIZED	2.5 mm	3.2 mm	133			1000	ESR AND RIPPLE CURRENT IS MEASURED AT 100KHZ	TR, EMBOSSED PLASTIC, 7 INCH	2413	e3	2	SMT	6 mm	J BEND	10 %			10 %
ALS30A223KE063	KEMET Corporation	ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR	CHASSIS MOUNT	22000 uF	63 V	85 Cel	ALUMINUM (WET)		-40 Cel			6	CYLINDRICAL PACKAGE	POLARIZED			13900	51 mm		12					2	Screw Ends	82 mm	SCREW	20 %			20 %

Fixed Capacitors

Fixed capacitors are electronic components that have a fixed capacitance value that cannot be changed. They are used in electronic circuits to provide a specific capacitance value for a given application.

Fixed capacitors are made using a variety of dielectric materials, including ceramic, tantalum, aluminum electrolytic, polyester, and polypropylene. The choice of dielectric material depends on the specific requirements of the application, such as operating voltage, temperature range, and stability.

Fixed capacitors are available in a variety of shapes and sizes, such as through-hole, surface mount, and leaded types. They can also be classified based on their operating voltage, tolerance, and temperature coefficient.

Some common applications of fixed capacitors include decoupling, filtering, timing, and coupling circuits. In decoupling circuits, fixed capacitors are used to filter out unwanted high-frequency noise and ensure stable power supply operation. In timing circuits, fixed capacitors are used to set the time constant and determine the frequency of oscillation.

One of the main advantages of fixed capacitors is their stable capacitance value, which does not change over time or with changes in operating conditions. This makes them suitable for applications that require consistent and predictable performance.